Narrative Text
Narrative Text adalah teks yang menceritakan sesuatu yang imajinatif atau sesuatu yang hanya khayalan belaka dan tujuannya hanya untuk menghibur pembaca.
1.
Jenis-jenis Narrative Text
Narrative
Text mempunyai inti cerita yang biasanya hanya berupa imajinasi penulis
atau kejadian nyata yang ditangkap oleh penulis atau bahkan bisa gabungan
keduanya. Dalam berbagai sumber Narrative Text dapat ditemui dalam bentuk :
a. fables
(Cerita tentang binatang yang digambarkan berprilaku seperti manusia)
b. fairy
stories (Cerita yang bersifat fantastik, penuh dengan keajaiban)
c.
mysteries
d.
science fiction
e.
romances
f. horror
stories
g.
legends
h.
historical narratives
i.
personal experience (pengalaman pribadi yang ditulis)
j.
ballads (balada, kisah yang bisa mengharukan pembaca, biasanya berupa cerita
cinta yang tak sampai)
2.
Generic Structure Narrative Text
Pada
Narrative Text, susunannya adalah sebagai berikut :
a.
Orientation
Yaitu
pengenalan yang berupa : cerita tentang apa (what is the story about), siapa
pelaku dalam cerita itu (who is the participant), dimana cerita itu terjadi
(where is the place setting) dan kapan cerita itu terjadi (when is the time
setting).
b.
Complication atau Problem
Yaitu
pada paragraf ini yang menjadi inti dari narrative text. Tanpa ada
permasalahan, text ini hanyalah berupa paparan peristiwa satu yang diikuti
dengan peristiwa yang lain. Masalah yang timbul dapat dibedakan menjadi :
- Natural
Conflict
Yaitu
permasalahan yang timbul karena pelaku cerita berhadapan dengan kekuatan alam.
- Social
Conflict
Yaitu
permasalahan yang timbul karena para pelaku itu saling berhadapan. Mereka
bertemu pada waktu yang sama dengan berbeda kepentingan.
-
Psychological Conflict
Yaitu
Permasalahan yang timbul ketika pelaku cerita itu berhadapan dengan dirinya
sendiri. Pertentangan antara nilai baik dan buruk, antara sifat rakus dan
tenggang rasa.
c. Resolution
Yaitu masalah dapat diatasi. Dalam Narrative text, setiap permasalahan yang muncul harus ada penyelesaiannya, bisa ditutup dengan akhir yang menyenangkan (happy ending) atau tidak sedikit berakhir tragis, menyedihkan (sad ending).
d. Re-Orientation
Hanya untuk Optional .
3. Ciri
Kebahasaan Narrative Text
a.
Menggunakan pola kalimat Simple Past Tense
b. Biasanya dimulai dengan kata keterangan waktu (Adverbs of Time) . Seperti : long time ago..., once, one, once upon a time.
b. Biasanya dimulai dengan kata keterangan waktu (Adverbs of Time) . Seperti : long time ago..., once, one, once upon a time.
4. Contoh
Narrative Text
Kancil and Crocodile Story
(Favorite Story from Indonesia)
Kancil, the small but clever mouse deer, had many
enemies in the forest. Fortunately, he was quick-witted, so that every time his
life was threatened, he managed to escape.
One of his greatest enemies was Crocodile, who lived
in the river that bordered the forest. Many times Crocodile had tried to
capture the small mouse deer. Crocodile was big, but he was not very clever.
Kancil was able to trick him every time.
One day it was very hot. There was no wind at all to
refresh the thirsty plants and trees of the forest. It was in the middle of the
dry season. For many weeks no rain had fallen so that the little creeks where
the small animals used to drink had dried up. Kancil was walking alone in the
forest; he was very thirsty. He had walked a long way; looking for a brook
where he could quench his thirst, but he had found only dry mud in the once gay
rippling brooks. It was very quiet in the forest. All the animals seemed to
sleep. Even the birds did not sing in the trees. Kancil finally decided to go
to the river that bordered the forest. Usually he avoided going there as he
knew that Crocodile was always on the look-out for him, waiting for an
opportunity to catch him.
When he arrived at the river. Kancil looked cautiously
around him. There was no body to be seen. The clear river water mirrored
blindly the rays of the sun. step by step Kancil approached the water. His
sharp eyes looked right and left; his pointed ears strained to catch the
slightest sound. But no danger seemed to threaten him this time. Relieved, he
bent his head to enjoy the cool water. Suddenly, his glance fell upon an object
that was floating not far away from where he stood. It was a blackish thing. It
looked like a fallen branch ………. Or, like the back of crocodile! Kancil jumped
back, surprised and thoughtful. But he was also very thirsty. How could he
possibly know whether the thing there in the river was really a log or a
crocodile? Then he smiled a little as he hit upon an idea. In a clear
voice he shouted, “ Hey! There, you who are in the river. If you are crocodile,
don’t answer me, but if you are only a long of wood, tell me your name!”
Now it was really Crocodile who was floating in the
river. He had seen Kancil approaching and he was waiting for him to bend his
head to drink. At the very moment when Kancil did not look. Crocodile would
catch him. Without thinking any further, Crocodile answered Kancil in his gruff
voice, “Don’t be afraid, I’m only a harmless log!”
Immediately, Kancil ran away as fast as his leg could
carry him, while shouting over his shoulder, “O, stupid Crocodile, have you
ever heard a log of wood talk?”
A fortnight later, however, Kancil forgot this
incident. The dry season was not over yet and it seemed to be hotter than ever.
Kancil remembered the cool, fresh river water. How wonderful it would be take a
bath in it! He decided to try his luck once again. This time there was nothing
suspicious to be seen, so Kancil went to the water and drank to his heart’s
content. It was very quite, and also very hot. Without thinking any further
Kancil went down into the river and began to splash himself. In his delight he
forgot all about danger. He pick up a dry twig that was floating by and began
to beat the water with it. He made so much noise that he woke up….who else, but
old crocodile who was sleeping in the neighborhood.
“Well, well, this seem to be my lucky day,” thought
Crocodile. In a flash he shot out of his hiding place and all of a sudden.
Kancil felt sharp teeth biting into one of his legs. It hurt him very much, but
though he was shocked and frightened Kancil did not lose his wits. Without
hesitation he dipped the dry twig into the water and in a mocking tone he said,
“stupid old log of wood, do you really think you have got me? It is only a twig
you have in your mouth, not my leg. Here is my leg’ catch it if you can!”
Kancil moved the twig rapidly to and in front of
Crocodile’s eyes. Crocodile could not see very well in the water and above all,
he really was blockhead! He believed the clever tal of the little mouse deer,
released kancil’s leg and snapped his jaw on the twig. Of course, kancil did
not wait one second to jump out of the water and run to the safety of the
woods. Though his leg was very sore, he laughed heartily. Once more he had
tricked Crocodile.
Read more: http://www.kursusmudahbahasainggris.com/2013/09/pengertian-jenis-struktur-ciri.html#ixzz4QF8SvFIt
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